Unauthorized reproduction or distribution of copyrighted material is investigated by the Federal Bureau of Investigation and prosecuted by the Department of Justice. Individuals who willfully infringe copyright by distributing or reproducing infringing material risk criminal prosecution under 18 U.S.C. § 2319. First-time offenders convicted of a felony violation of copyright laws face up to five years in federal prison, plus the payment of restitution, forfeiture, and fines.